Football and Bengal’s popular culture

Few sports have shaped Bengal’s popular culture as profoundly as football. For more than a century, the game has inspired songs, poems, novels, cartoons, films, advertisements and newspaper debates. Football rivalries – especially between Mohun Bagan and East Bengal—have become part of everyday life, expressing memories of migration, neighbourhood loyalties and family traditions. Match days transformed streets, tea stalls and workplaces into spaces of passionate discussion, while radio commentaries and later television broadcasts carried the excitement of the Maidan into homes across the region.

Football has also generated its own visual culture – club flags, badges, posters, match programmes and fan memorabilia. From local para tournaments to World Cup celebrations, the game has connected Bengal to both local identities and global sporting cultures. More than a pastime, football has served as a language through which generations of Bengalis have expressed pride, belonging, aspiration and collective memory.

Advertisements of popular brands like Bata Shoes, Capstan cigarettes, Horlicks, Lifebuoy soap, MobilOil, and Swaika vanaspati – published in the journal of the Indian Football Association in the 1930s and 40s. From the private collection of Apurba Kumar Panda.
Three cartoons – ‘India vs Gt. Britain, 1934: Some Charity Football Match Expressions’, ‘Mr. T. (Tommy) Lamb’, who played for the Calcutta Football Club in the 1910s, and ‘Present Day Calcutta Football’ – published in the journal of the Indian Football Association in the 1930s and 40s. From the private collection of Apurba Kumar Panda.

The covers of two popular and critically-acclaimed football-themed novels by the Bengali author, Moti Nandi – Striker (1973) and Stopper (1974).

Posters of four popular Bengali feature films in which football drive the plot – Dhonyi Meye (1971), Mohun Baganer Meye (1976), Egaro (2011), and Golandaaj (2021).

Scenes from Gobinda Auddy Road, Chetla, Kolkata
Photos by Sauhardya Sengupta / LBB (sourced from https://lbb.in/kolkata/area-known-coolest-football-graffiti-kolkata/)

FIFA posts a photo story on their Instagram page to note the enthusiasm of the people of Kolkata for the World Cup: https://www.instagram.com/p/ClVYTO4KLrt/?utm_source=ig_embed&ig_rid=78348f8f-7275-439c-8a97-58c91f83e8a9&img_index=1

Calcutta Maidan 1880s

The Streets of North Kolkata (Photo by kolkatas.illusion) (https://homegrown.co.in/homegrown-street/a-north-kolkata-lane-breathing-the-spirit-of-the-fifa-world-cup)

Colonial Calcutta

Artists are seen giving final touches to a graffiti art of La’eeb (the official, flying-mantle mascot of the 2022 FIFA World Cup in Qatar), at a road in Kolkata, 23 November 2022. Shutterstock Image (Image Contributor: Debarchan Chatterjee/NurPhoto/Shutterstock)

Football Ephemera from the Projit Bihari Mukharji Collection

Beyond trophies and famous matches lies a rich world of football ephemera that reveals how the game was experienced, remembered and celebrated by generations of supporters. Drawn from the private collection of Projit Bihari Mukharji, these objects include photogra

The material culture of football in Bengal

The Maidan